7 Facts About Working Dog Breeds

Working dogs are the brains and the brawn of the canine world. They’re mostly known for their strength and size—but they’re remarkably intelligent as well! Whether you have a working dog or just want to learn more, here are seven facts about these gentle giants. 

Fact #1: Working Group Breeds Are Characterized by Their Hardworking Nature 

Dog breeds are organized into breed groups based on the traits or abilities for which they were originally bred. With their history of performing tough physical jobs and providing personal protection, dogs in the Working Group all share a powerful build and a tireless drive. 

This group officially includes 31 breeds. Some examples of working dog breeds are:  

• Alaskan Malamute 
• Bernese Mountain Dog 
• Boxer 
• Doberman Pinscher 
• Mastiff 
• Saint Bernard 
• Siberian Husky

Did you know the Herding Group was originally part of the Working Group? In 1983, it was reclassified based on herding dogs’ historical role of moving livestock, as opposed to working dogs’ physical tasks and protection jobs. 

Fact #2: Most Working Dogs Are Large or Giant Breeds 

Working dogs are known for their strength and labor capabilities, so it’s no surprise that most breeds in this group are physically imposing. The Working Group consists mainly of large and giant dog breeds—including the Mastiff, which can weigh more than 200 pounds. 

When shopping for dog toys, be sure to look for XX-large chew toys to stand up to those big jaws! 

Fact #3: Working Dogs Were Bred for Protection and Security 

Thanks to their size, working dogs are a natural choice for guard dogs. In fact, the Doberman Pinscher was actually bred as a personal protection dog by a German tax collector and dog breeder named Karl Friedrich Louis Dobermann in the late 1860s! 

In addition to their large, imposing stature, working dog breeds tend to be alert, loyal, and highly trainable dogs. They’re also very smart, meaning their pet parents must provide regular physical and mental stimulation for their dogs. Play enrichment games or challenge their problem-solving skills with a stuffable chew toy! 

Fact #4: Some of the Best Farm Dogs Are Working Dog Breeds 

Working dogs don’t just serve as personal guard dogs; they are also some of the best farm dogs for protection. In rural areas, they often serve as livestock guardians, keeping predators away from sheep, pigs, and chickens. 

In the past, some farmers even used dogs as draft animals! While we typically think of horses and oxen as draft animals—those that are trained to pull heavy loads like plows and wagons—working dogs can also haul carts and small farm equipment. 

Fact #5: Sled Dogs Are Working Dogs, Too 

In snowy northern areas like Alaska and Russia, working dogs’ draft skills historically came in handy for hauling sledges across long, snowy distances. Sled dogs tend to be faster and more agile than horses, so they are better suited to this type of work. 

Centuries ago, the Indigenous groups of northern Alaska and Canada relied on sled dogs for transporting people and supplies. In fact, the Alaskan Malamute breed traces its lineage to the Malimiut Iñupiaq people of Alaska's Seward Peninsula! 

While sled dogs aren’t used as much in modern times thanks to technological advances, the annual Iditarod trail race in Alaska commemorates these powerful pups of years past. 

Fact #6: Interestingly, Working Dogs Aren't Typically Working Group Breeds 

While “Working Dog” can refer to the American Kennel Club classification, it can also mean dogs that work in professional settings, like military dogs, police dogs, and service dogs. 

The German Shepherd, a Herding Breed, can be found working with police and in the military in countries around the world. In fact, they were popularly known as “German police dogs” when they were first introduced to America. German Shepherds are the most common dog breed serving in the U.S. Armed Forces and K-9 units in the police force. 

Other breeds that are often used as working dogs include the Belgian Malinois (Herding Group), Labrador Retriever (Sporting Group), and Dutch Shepherd (Miscellaneous Group). 

Fact #7: Working Dogs Can Make Great Family Dogs! 

These large-breed dogs can seem intimidating—hence their common use as guard dogs—but they can actually be wonderful pets for families. The same traits that make them effective protectors also make them ideal family dogs. 

Working dogs tend to be loyal and devoted. They are dedicated to keeping their pack safe, and that includes their family. Bernese Mountain Dogs and Newfoundlands are two especially lovable and gentle breeds. 

Be careful, however, that your dog doesn’t become overly protective and develop resource-guarding tendencies. Work with your pup on early training and socialization, and keep an eye out for territorial, aggressive behavior. 

🐶  Related: 13 Common Dog Behavioral Issues & Tips to Solve Them

Big Dogs and Bigger Hearts 

From their hard-working history as farm dogs to their prowess for personal protection, working dog breeds are a remarkable group of pups. They’re fiercely loyal, powerful, and intelligent. Working dogs are a lovable addition to any family, as long as you can handle their size! 

If giant dogs aren’t the right fit for you, check out some of the best small dog breeds to consider.